ORGANIC PETROLOGY OF SELECTED TERTIARY KALIMANTAN COALS

Convention Bandung 2004 (CB2004)
The 33Convention Bandung 2004 (CB2004)
The 33AnnualConvention & Exhibition 2004

Indonesian Association ofGeologist
Horizon Hotel, 29-30 Nov, 1 Oct 2004, Bandung

ORGANIC PETROLOGY OF SELECTED TERTIARY
KALIMANTAN COALS

By :

Binarko Santoso and Bukin Daulay

R and D Centre for Mineral and Coal TechnologyJalan Jenderal Sudirman 623 Bandung 40211Ph. 022-6030483, fax. 022-6003373, email binarkos@tekmira.esdm.go.id

ABSTRACT

Study on organic petrology was carried out on both East and South Kalimantan Palaeogene andNeogene coals. West and Central Kalimantan coals are ignored in the study, because their
geological conditions are not favourable and the seams are usually thin and generally rich inargillaceous or arenaceous mineral matter.

Similarities and differences in type and rank characteristics in the coals reflect their geologicalsetting. Rank and type variation of the coals were assessed by petrographic examination of 40samples. The coals are dominated by vitrinite, common exinite and rare inertinite and mineralmatter. The type differences reflect climatic influence and differences in peat conditions.

Rank of the coals depends largely on the geological age and the level of temperature under
confining pressure (burial depth). Increased depth of burial and increased temperature andpressure over a period of time, consequently result in higher rank. Reflectance measurements on
the coals indicate that there is a substantial difference in rank between Palaeogene and Neogenecoals. The Palaeogene coals are sub-bituminous to high volatile bituminous rank (Rvmax of 0.53-
0.67%), whereas Neogene coals are brown to sub-bituminous rank (Rvmax of 0.30-0.57%),
according to the Australian classification.

SARI

Studi petrologi organik telah dilakukan terhadap batubara Paleogen dan Neogen diKalimantanTimur dan Selatan. Batubara Kalimantan Barat dan Tengah tidak termasuk dalam studi ini, sebabtatanan geologisnya kurang menarik dan lapisan-lapisan batubaranya umumnya tipis dan banyak
mengandung mineral berpartikel lempung dan pasir.

Kesamaan dan perbedaan karakteristik jenis dan peringkat batubara di daerah penelitian
mencerminkan tatanan geologisnya. Variasi jenis dan peringkat batubara tersebut diteliti di bawahpengujian petrografis terhadap 40 buah contoh. Batubara Kalimantan didominasi olehvitrinit,
eksinit dan sedikit inertinit dan mineral. Perbedaan jenis batubara tersebut mencerminkanpengaruh cuaca dan perbedaan lingkungan pembentukan gambutnya.

Peringkat batubara Kalimantan terkontrol oleh umur geologis, suhu dan ketebalan lapisanpenutupnya. Semakin tebal lapisan penutup, suhu dan tekanan pada suatu periode waktu tertentu,
menghasilkan peringkat yang lebih tinggi. Pengukuran reflektansi vitrinitnya menunjukkanperbedaan penting peringkat antara batubara Paleogen dan Neogen. Batubara Paleogen tersebutberperingkat subbituminus-bituminus zat terbang tinggi (Rvmax 0.53-0.67%), sedangkan batubaraNeogennya adalahbatubara coklat-subbituminus (Rvmax 0.30-0.57%), berdasarkan klasifikasiAustralia.